नियोक्ता व श्रमिको के बीच किसी समस्या के लिए किए गए वार्तालाप (बातचीत) की प्रिक्रिया को सामूहिक सौदाकारी कहते हैं। यह एक ऐसा माध्यम है जिसके द्वारा नियोक्ता व श्रमिक अच्छे कर्मचारी संबंधों के निर्माण के लिए समझौता करते हैं। जब किसी औद्योगिक संस्थान के कर्मचारियों और प्रबन्धक वर्ग के बीच किसी विवाद, समस्या का समाधान निकालना आवश्यक हो, उस स्थिति में सामूहिक सौदाकारी की आवश्यकता होती है ताकि औद्योगिक शान्ति स्थापित हो।

Collective bargaining is a process of negotiation between employers and a group of employees aimed at agreements to regulate working salaries, working conditions, benefits, and other aspects of workers' compensation and rights for workers. The interests of the employees are commonly presented by representatives of a trade union to which the employees belong. A collective agreement reached by these negotiations functions as a labour contract between an employer and one or more unions, and typically establishes terms regarding wage scales, working hours, training, health and safety, overtime, grievance mechanisms, and rights to participate in workplace or company affairs. Such agreements can also include 'productivity bargaining' in which workers agree to changes to working practices in return for higher pay or greater job security.